Witches are often portrayed in folklore as figures of malice or wise women. Witch hunts and trials during the Medieval period. Served as scapegoats for societal troubles.

Celtic mythology features powerful women as witches with deep knowledge of herbs and magic. Associated with pagan rituals and seasonal festivals. [Celtic] Celtic witches are often healers rather than villains.

The figure of the witch is often entangled with issues of race and femininity. Used in folklore and oral traditions. [African American] Both feared and revered as carriers of wisdom.

Witches (or 'sadhus') are sometimes portrayed as both benevolent and malevolent. Associated with spiritual practices and rituals. [South Asian] [Hindu] Representations vary widely across texts.

Witches are often depicted in popular culture as misunderstood heroines in many contemporary adaptations. Often appear in films, literature, and Halloween celebrations. Blurs the line between good and evil.